TIME magazine - How Doctors Inadvertently Fat-Shame Kids?

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2023/06/26 TIME閱讀解析 19 - 醫生是如何無意中讓肥胖的孩子感到羞恥的？

How Doctors Inadvertently Fat-Shame Kids?
醫生是如何無意中讓肥胖的孩子感到羞恥的

單字→粗體黃底　片語→粗體斜字　句型→底線　文法→底線粗體

　When Beth Nathan was 10 years old, her pediatrician grabbed her belly and said, “OK! Time to switch to skim milk!”
　Nathan estimates that she weighed “maybe four pounds more” than her friends at school at that point. Until then, she had never thought much about her body. But the doctor's comment hit its mark. Nathan began thinking about her weight more and went on her first diet in high school. Though she never met the criteria for an eating disorder, she also never shook the expectation that she should be thinner. She continued dieting off and on through college and medical school. And then, Nathan (not her real name; she asked to use a pseudonym to protect her employment status) became a pediatrician herself.

BY VIRGINIA SOLE-SMITH APRIL 18, 2023

全文連結: https://time.com/6262724/fat-talk-doctors-kids-weight-excerpt/

單字
1. grab (vt.) 抓住
The naughty boy grabbed the toy tightly with both hands, unwilling to share it with his classmates.
調皮的男孩雙手緊緊抓住玩具，不願跟同學分享。

2. switch (vi.) 轉換為……
The woman majored in Business Administration and then switched to Library and Information Science.
這位女主修企業管理，然後轉到圖書資訊。

3. criteria (n.) 標準
John could not meet the strict selection criteria and therefore failed to be promoted.
約翰無法滿足嚴格的選拔標準，因而無法晉升。

片語
1. hit the mark 成功；命中目標

The politician went to great lengths to advocate his ideas, but his endeavors didn’t hit the mark.

這位政治人物不遺餘力宣揚自己的理念，但他的努力未能奏效。

2. go on a diet (減肥)節食

The doctor demands that Mary (should) go on a diet now for the sake of her health.
為了她的健康，醫生要求瑪麗現在就要節食。

3. off and on 斷斷續續地

It’s raining off and on, which seriously kept us from going downtown for the celebration.
雨下個不停，這嚴重阻礙我們到市中心去參加慶祝活動。

句型
1. But

在一般的用法中，通常放在句中而不放句首。放句首時，必須要有上（前）文交代語意，文句才會通順且成立。(上文) She had never thought much about her body. But the doctor’s comment hit its mark.
=   She had never thought much about her body, but the doctor’s comment hit its mark.
cf.
She had never thought much about her body, but the doctor’s comment hit its mark.
=   She had never thought much about her body; however, the doctor’s comment hit its mark.
=   She had never thought much about her body. However, the doctor’s comment hit its mark.

文法點
1. 名詞子句

(1) 名詞子句擔任受詞的角色
... estimate that she weighed “maybe four pounds more” than her friends ...
名詞子句that she weighed “maybe four pounds more” than her friends ...
當及物動詞estimate的受詞
另外，名詞子句擔任受詞的角色時，名詞子句連接詞 that可省略：
... estimate that she weighed “maybe four pounds more” than her friends ...
" estimate she weighed “maybe four pounds more” than her friends ...

(2) 名詞子句扮演同位語的角色
the expectation that she should be thinner
名詞子句that she should be thinner為expectation的同位語。

2. 動名詞(Ving)

跟名詞一樣，動名詞也可以當及物動詞的受詞。動名詞讓動詞的一件事或某個動作得以成為受詞。
通常會有一些動詞後面必定加上動名詞，如keep, continue, begin, start, stop, practice等，會牽涉持續性動作的動詞。
(1) continue dieting　繼續節食（這件事）
(2) begin thinking about her weight　開始思考她的體重（這件事）

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