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2023/02/25
TIME閱讀解析 02-火星可能有活火山，為外星生命的探索增添新希望
Mars May Have Active Volcanoes,
Adding New Promise to Search for Extraterrestrial Life
火星可能有活火山，為外星生命的探索增添新希望
單字→粗體黃底 片語→粗體斜字 句型→底線 文法→底線粗體
One of the great differences between Mars and Earth involves what’s going on beneath the surface. Our planet remains a tectonically and volcanically active world — witness the current eruptions in Hawaii — while Mars has been a cold, geologically dead place for the past three billion years. That was the thinking at least. But a new paper in Nature Astronomy challenges that accepted wisdom. Mars, it suggests, may still be geologically active today.
The findings are the result of orbital photography, surface data, and computer modeling of a lowland region near the Martian equator known as Elysium Planitia — where NASA’s Mars InSight probe landed in 2018. Researchers from the University of Arizona Lunar and Planetary Laboratory analyzed recordings of Mars quakes taken by InSight and concluded that they all result from a series of subsurface fissures dubbed Cerberus Fossae, which stretch nearly 1,300 km (800 mi.) across the Martian surface. This gives rise to what are known as mantle plumes: blob-like masses of molten rock that rise to reach the base of the crust, causing quakes, faulting, and volcanic eruptions.
BY JEFFREY KLUGER DECEMBER 9, 2022
全文連結：https://time.com/6239732/mars-volcanoes-extraterrestrial-life/
單字
1. involve vt. 涉及
The heated argument in the conference room involved two representatives and a staff member.
會議室內的激烈爭吵涉及兩名代表和一名工作人員。
2. challenge vt. 對……提出異議
Nowadays, high school students seem to be socially encouraged to challenge elders’ perspectives.
時下高中生似乎為社會所鼓勵去質疑老一輩的觀點。
3. findings n.[P] 調查發現
Marketing analysts particularly take heed to the findings on the decrease in recent sales.
行銷分析師特別注意近期銷售量下降的調查結果。
4. dub vt. 稱……為……
The well-known basketball player is dubbed “Monster” by fans worldwide.
這位家喻戶曉的籃球員被全球球迷稱為魔獸。
片語
1. add A to B 把A增加到B上
The experts agreed to add new data analysis methods to the environmental issue.
專家們同意在環境議題上增加新的資料分析方法。
2. (the) accepted wisdom 公認的看法；一般的認知
That men are viewed as breadwinners in a family remains the accepted wisdom, though.
但是，視男人為家中養家糊口的人，仍是一般的看法。
3. result from + N 因……造成
Henry’s inability to speak well in front of people mainly results from a lack of confidence.
亨利在大家面前無法好好說話，主要是由於缺乏自信造成的。
4. A give rise to B A導致B
Long-term international trade barriers have gradually given rise to a new form of global competition.
長期的國際貿易壁壘已逐漸生成新的全球競爭樣貌。
句型
1. S, it suggests, V... 插入語
Mars, it suggests, may still be geologically active today.
原句為It suggests (that) Mars may still be geologically active today.
2. conclude that S + V... 下結論……
The committee concluded that appropriate changes should be made immediately.
委員會作出結論，應立即進行適切的改變。
文法點
1. 關係副詞where
The Martian equator is known as Elysium Planitia.
NASA’s Mars InSight probe landed in Elysium Planitia in 2018.
(1) The Martian equator is known as Elysium Planitia, and in Elysium Planitia NASA’s Mars InSight probe landed in 2018.
*兩句以連接詞“and”合併
(2) The Martian equator is known as Elysium Planitia, in which NASA’s Mars InSight probe landed in 2018.
*which = and Elysium Planitia
(3) The Martian equator is known as Elysium Planitia, where NASA’s Mars InSight probe landed in 2018.
*where = in which
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