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2023/10/12
TIME閱讀解析 32 - 為什麼早起也不見得比較好 ?
Why Waking Up Earlier Isn't Necessarily Better
為什麼早起也不見得比較好
單字→粗體黃底 片語→粗體斜字 句型→底線 文法→底線粗體
A favorite trope of sleep research is to divide the entire human population into two cute, feathered categories: early birds (also called larks) and night owls. Often, these studies link people’s natural sleep patterns—called their chronotype—with some waking behavior or personality trait.
It doesn’t take long to see which team more often comes out on top. (Hint: it’s the one that catches the worm.) Research says that early birds are happier, more punctual, do better in school, and share more conservative morals. Night owls are more impulsive, angry, and likely to become cyberbullies; they have shoddier diets and, most critically, are worse at kicking soccer balls.
But can the population really be categorized so neatly? Or is the research painting an incomplete and overly moralistic picture?
單字
1. trope (n.) （某種藝術作品中常用的）形象，理念，說法
The detective's brilliant deduction, unraveling the intricate web of clues, was a refreshing departure from the typical trope seen in crime novels.
警探的天才推理、解開錯綜複雜的線索，別具一格，與犯罪小說題材常用的典型手段完全不同。
2. shoddy (adj.) 粗製濫造的，劣質的
The contractor's shoddy workmanship was evident in the poorly aligned tiles and crooked shelves of the renovated kitchen.
重新裝潢的廚房內凌亂的瓷磚與歪斜的貨架，讓承包商粗糙的工法一目了然。
3. moralistic (adj.) 說教的，道德的
The professor's moralistic approach to teaching ensured that ethical dilemmas were explored thoroughly in the classroom.
教授的道德主義教學方式讓課堂中能針對倫理難題鉅細靡遺的全面探討。
片語
1. divide into 將……劃分成
The instructor divided the students into groups based on their language proficiency levels for the group project.
教師根據學生的語言熟練程度，將學生們劃分成各組進行小組作業。
2. come out on top 佔有優勢；脫穎而出
Despite facing numerous challenges, she managed to come out on top and achieve her goals.
儘管面對重重挑戰，他仍成功地脫穎而出，並達成自己的目標。
3. do better in （在某個領域）表現得更好
To succeed in this challenging course, it is crucial to put in extra effort and do better in your assignments and exams.
為了在具挑戰性的課程中成功，付出更多心力在作業和考試中表現得更好是很重要的。
句型
1. S + doesn’t take long to … 很快，不久之後
It doesn’t take long to master a new programming language if you’re dedicated and put in consistent effort.
2. Research says that… 研究顯示……
Research shows/finds that Study shows/finds that…Research says that regular exercise can significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
據研究指出，定期運動可以顯著降低罹患心血管疾病的風險。
文法點
1. 不定詞
不定詞是由to + 原型動詞所組成，通常可以做為名詞使用，而不定詞也常被用來表達目的或原因，能夠說明為了何種目的或某種原因進行某動作。
A favorite trope of sleep research is to divide the entire human population into two cute, feathered categories:
在此，不定詞to divide用於表達句首所提及的研究的行為與目的。
It doesn’t take long to see which team more often comes out on top.
It在此作為虛主詞，單純用來引導句子的主詞，並沒有實際指涉特定事物，而to see則是不定詞片語，作為真正的主詞，表示動作的目的，整句的意思為「不久就能發現哪一方比較能夠脫穎而出。」
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