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公告事項
2023/10/30
TIME閱讀解析 35 - 心理治療的古代根源
The Ancient Roots of Psychotherapy
心理治療的古代根源
單字→粗體黃底 片語→粗體斜字 句型→底線 文法→底線粗體
Our medical ancestors sought to heal the mind long before they could treat diseases of the brain. Magicians and priests tended the sick through suggestion, therapeutic bond, and tincture of time, not by science. This has changed. During the last century and a half, our progress in understanding and treating mental suffering has been remarkable by any standard, drawing importantly upon lessons from the asylum, advances in psychology and the science of the brain, and what had been learned by doctors and nurses who treated shell shock during the First World War.
Psychotherapy has been described as the oldest branch of medicine, with roots in religion and magic that can be seen in the healing rituals practiced in Greek temples, on the Homeric battlefields, and in the consulting room of Freud. In earliest times, as in our own, the priests and doctors of antiquity drew upon potions, listening and words of consolation, suggestive power, and pragmatic counsel.
單字
1. tincture (n.) 酊劑
The herbalist prepared a tincture by steeping the medicinal plants in alcohol, extracting their healing properties.
草藥醫師將草藥浸潤酒精製備酊劑，萃取出療效成分。
2. asylum (n.) 精神病院；避難，庇護（政治）
Seeking political asylum, the activist fled her war-torn country in a desperate quest for safety and freedom.
為了人身安全與自由而尋求政治庇護，這名社運人士逃離飽受戰爭紛擾的國家。
3. antiquity (n.) 古代（尤指六世紀以前的）
The professor's extensive knowledge of ancient civilizations allowed him to provide captivating lectures on the cultural and historical aspects of antiquity.
該名教授對古代文明廣泛的知識，使他能教授在古代文化與歷史面向引人入勝的課程。
4. pragmatic (adj.) 講究實際的；實用主義的
The CEO's pragmatic approach to problem-solving led the company to achieve remarkable growth amidst a highly competitive market.
這位執行長面對問題時務實的處理方式帶領公司在高度競爭的市場當中獲得了出色的成長。
片語
1. seek to 追求，致力於（某事物）
The ambitious entrepreneur sought to revolutionize the industry with their groundbreaking technology.
那位野心勃勃的企業家致力於以突破性的科技來改革該產業。
2. draw upon 利用；借鑒
In order to craft a compelling argument, skilled debaters often draw upon a wide range of evidence and persuasive techniques.
為了撰寫令人信服的論述，資深的辯士通常會借鑒廣泛的證據以及利用有說服力的技巧。
3. advance in （於某領域）進步
Significant advances in technology have greatly contributed to the efficiency and productivity of various industries.
科技領域重大的進步大大地對各個產業的效率及生產率有所貢獻。
句型
1. S + V …, long before S + V … 遠在……之前
long before之後接續的S + V為過去某事發生的時間點，而另一個子句當中的S + V則表示了比過去某事時間點更久之前就已發生或已在進行的事。Long before the arrival of smartphones, people used to communicate through letters and landline phones.
2. In + N, as in + N… 在……，一如在……
作為連接詞可以有很多種意思，而這個句型模式是以as當作連接詞，對比前後兩個不同的時間、情境或狀態，as在這裡用作如、像……的意思。In ancient civilizations, as in modern society, the pursuit of knowledge has always been a fundamental human endeavor.
文法點
1. 介係詞片語
介係詞有很多種，通常能夠用來字詞之間的時間、空間或文法關係。
使用with作為介係詞時，可以用來表示伴隨、附帶的特徵或情況。在節選文章的句子當中，“with roots in religion and magic that can be seen in the healing rituals practiced in Greek temples”的with給予了句子的背景狀況，表明心理療程作為醫學的古老分支，有著能追溯到治療儀式的宗教與魔法。
例：The team presented their findings to the board of directors with confidence and thorough research.
此例句的with介係詞片語，為句子當中主詞的狀態提供了更詳細的描述與細節介紹，使句子的狀況更完整地被傳達。
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